Membrane Labeling and Neuronal Tracing

Biotin is attached to amino groups of duramycin via a 6-carbon aminohexanoyl spacer. The conjugate contains 1 biotin molecule per duramycin molecule. Duramycin binds phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) at a 1:1 ratio with high affinity (Kd of 4-6 nM) and exclusive specificity.

The PSVue643® kit contains 0.25mL of a 1mM solution of PSVue643® in water. The compound has an absorbance max at 643nm and a fluorescence emission max at 658nm.

The PSVue® 550 reagent kit contains components to provide ~0.5 mL of 1 mM solution of PSVue® 550. The compound has an absorbance max at 553nm and fluorescence emission max at 615nm.

Vial contains 1mg of solid. PSVue® Biotin can be complexed with streptavidin-coated quantum dots (not provided) for in vivo and in vitro use. Procedures to formulate PSVue® biotin and prepare the PSVue® biotin-streptavidin-coated quantum dot complex are provided.

The CellVue® Red Fluorescent Cell Linker Kit contains a 1 mM dye stock solution and cell labeling diluent.
Dye fluorescence properties: Ex max = 567 nm and Em max = 588 nm. Provides stable labeling of the lipid regions of cell membranes.

For patents, see
link.

The CellVue® Red cell linker kit uses proprietary membrane labeling technology to stably incorporate a fluorescent dye with long aliphatic tails (CellVue® Red) into lipid regions of the cell membrane (1). The pattern of staining is dependent upon the cell type being labeled and the membranes of the cells (2, 3). CellVue® Red, a far red/near infrared fluorescent cell linker has been reported to be useful for cell tracking in isolated organ preparations applications (4).
Label cell membranes with lipophilic dyes that emit in the long wavelength UV, the far red or the near infrared region of the spectrum.
Advantages:

• Reduced autofluorescence background
• Greater S/N
• Greater ability to multiplex with visible probes due to minimal spectral overlap
• Excellent for use in combination with other cell tracking probes such as CFSE or PKH26

Kit Contains: CellVue® Red dye stock (1 vial containing 0.1 ml, 1 X 10-3 M in ethanol), Diluent (1 vial containing 10 ml) The CellVue® Red Fluorescent Cell Linker Kit contains a 1mM dye stock solution and cell labeling diluent. Dye fluorescence properties: Ex max=567nm and Em max=588nm. Provides stable labeling of the lipid regions of cell membranes.
Sold under sublicense from PTI Research, Inc. to MTTI. CellVue® is a trademark of PTI Research, Inc. U.S. For patents, see
link.

A long wavelength ultraviolet fluorescent probe for detection of apoptotic cells, bacteria, and other anionic membranes.
Key Features of PSVue® Probes:

Bind to a variety of cell types which have negatively chargedphospholipids exposed on their membranes including apoptoticcells [1], necrotic cells [2], Gram+ and Gram- bacteria [3-5], activated cells, tumor vascular endothelial cells, viruses, etc.
Available in a range of detection wavelengths from long-UV tonear infrared.
Suitable for in vitro and in vivo use.
Suitable for high-throughput screening assays.
Bind to the same PS site as annexin-V.

The PSVue® 380 (formerly PSS-380) reagent kit contains components to provide a 1 mM solution of PSVue® 380 in aqueous solution.
Kit Contains: Vial containing pre-weighed amount of apo-PSS380 solid dye (at least 0.5 mg) and vial of 8.4 mM zinc nitrate solution in water (0.5 mL)
Note: Absolute ethanol is required to formulate the product but is not provided.

A near-infrared fluorescent probe for detection of apoptotic cells, bacteria and other anionic membranes. The PSVue® 794 reagent kit contains components to provide a 1 mM solution of PSVue®794 in aqueous solution.
Key Features of PSVue® Probes:

Bind to a variety of cell types which have negatively chargedphospholipids exposed on their membranes including apoptoticcells [1], necrotic cells [2], Gram+ and Gram- bacteria [3-5], activated cells, tumor vascular endothelial cells, viruses, etc.
Available in a range of detection wavelengths from long-UV tonear infrared.
Suitable for in vitro and in vivo use.
Suitable for high-throughput screening assays.
Bind to the same PS site as annexin-V.

Kit Contains: Vial containing pre-weighted amount of apo-PSS794 solid dye(at least 1 mg), Vial of diluent X (1 ml), Vial of 4.2mM zinc nitrate solution in diluents X (1 ml)
Note: Absolute ethanol is needed to formulate the product but not provided.

The CellVue® Jade cell linker kit uses proprietary membrane labeling technology to stably incorporate a fluorescent dye with long aliphatic tails (CellVue® Jade) into lipid regions of the cell membrane (1). The pattern of staining is dependent upon the cell type being labeled and the membranes of the cells (2, 3). CellVue Jade®, a green fluorescent cell linker (Figure 1) is expected to be useful for cell tracking applications.Advantages:

Reduced autofluorescence background
Greater S/N
Greater ability to multiplex with visible probes due to minimal spectral overlap
Excellent for use in combination with other cell tracking probes such as CFSE or PKH26

Kit Contains: CellVue® Jade dye stock (2 vials containing 0.1 ml, 1 X 10-3 M in ethanol), Diluent (6 vials containing 10 ml)
The CellVue® Jade Fluorescent Cell Linker Kit contains a 1mM dye stock solution and cell labeling diluent. Dye fluorescence properties: Ex max=478nm and Em max=508nm. Provides stable labeling of the lipid regions of cell membranes.
Sold under sublicense from PTI Research, Inc. to MTTI. CellVue® is a trademark of PTI Research, Inc. U.S. For patents, see
link.

The CellVue® Jade cell linker kit uses proprietary membrane labeling technology to stably incorporate a fluorescent dye with long aliphatic tails (CellVue® Jade) into lipid regions of the cell membrane (1). The pattern of staining is dependent upon the cell type being labeled and the membranes of the cells (2, 3). CellVue® Jade, a green fluorescent cell linker (Figure 1) is expected to be useful for cell tracking applications.Advantages:

Reduced autofluorescence background
Greater S/N
Greater ability to multiplex with visible probes due to minimal spectral overlap
Excellent for use in combination with other cell tracking probes such as CFSE or PKH26

Kit Contains: CellVue® Jade dye stock (1 vial containing 0.1 ml, 1 X 10-3 M in ethanol), Diluent (1 vial containing 10 ml)
The CellVue® Jade Fluorescent Cell Linker Kit contains a 1mM dye stock solution and cell labeling diluent. Dye fluorescence properties: Ex max=478nm and Em max=508nm. Provides stable labeling of the lipid regions of cell membranes.
Sold under sublicense from PTI Research, Inc. to MTTI. CellVue® is a trademark of PTI Research, Inc. U.S. For patents, see
link.

The CellVue® NIR815 cell linker Midi Kit uses proprietary membrane labeling technology to stably incorporate a fluorescent dye with long aliphatic tails (CellVue® NIR815) into lipid regions of the cell membrane (1). The pattern of staining is dependent upon the cell type being labeled and the membranes of the cells (2, 3). CellVue® NIR815, a near infrared fluorescent cell linker has been reported to be useful for in vitro cell proliferation studies (4) and cell tracking in isolated organ preparations applications (5). Label cell membranes with lipophilic dyes that emit in the long wavelength UV, the far red or the near infrared region of the spectrum.
Advantages:

Reduced autofluorescence background
Greater S/N
Greater ability to multiplex with visible probes due to minimal spectral overlap
Excellent for use in combination with other cell tracking probes such as CFSE or PKH26

Kit Contains:
CellVue® NIR815 dye stock (1 vial containing 0.2 ml, 1 X 10-3 M in ethanol), Diluent (6 vials containing 10 ml)
The CellVue® NIR815 Fluorescent Cell Linker Kit contains a 1mM dye stock solution and cell labeling diluent. Dye fluorescence properties: Ex max=786nm and Em max=814nm. Provides stable labeling of the lipid regions of cell membranes.
Sold under sublicense from PTI Research, Inc. to MTTI. CellVue® is a trademark of PTI Research, Inc.U.S. Patent #5,665,328 and #8,029,767 B2

The CellVue® NIR780 cell linker Midi Kit uses proprietary membrane labeling technology to stably incorporate a fluorescent dye with long aliphatic tails ( CellVue® NIR780) into lipid regions of the cell membrane (1). The pattern of staining is dependent upon the cell type being labeled and the membranes of the cells (2, 3). CellVue® NIR780, a near infrared fluorescent cell linker has been reported to be useful for in vitro cell proliferation monitoring (4). Label cell membranes with lipophilic dyes that emit in the long wavelength UV, the far red or the near infrared region of the spectrum.
Advantages:

Reduced autofluorescence background
Greater S/N
Greater ability to multiplex with visible probes due to minimal spectral overlap
Excellent for use in combination with other cell tracking probes such as CFSE or PKH26

Kit Contains: CellVue® NIR780 dye stock (1 vial containing 0.2 ml, 1 X 10-3 M in ethanol), Diluent (6 vials containing 10 ml)
The CellVue® NIR780 Fluorescent Cell Linker Kit contains a 1mM dye stock solution and cell labeling diluent. Dye fluorescence properties: Ex max=743nm and Em max=776nm. Provides stable labeling of the lipid regions of cell membranes.
Sold under sublicense from PTI Research, Inc. to MTTI. CellVue® is a trademark of PTI Research, Inc.U.S. For patents, see
link.

The CellVue® Lavender cell linker Midi Kit uses proprietary membrane labeling technology to stably incorporate a fluorescent dye with long aliphatic tails (CellVue® Lavender) into lipid regions of the cell membrane (1). The pattern of staining is dependent upon the cell type being labeled and the membranes of the cells (2, 3). CellVue® Lavender, a long wavelength UV fluorescent cell linker has been reported to be useful for in vitro cell labeling and in vitro cell proliferation studies (4). Label cell membranes with lipophilic dyes that emit in the long wavelength UV, the far red or the near infrared region of the spectrum.Advantages:

Reduced autofluorescence background
Greater S/N
Greater ability to multiplex with visible probes due to minimal spectral overlap
Excellent for use in combination with other cell tracking probes such as CFSE or PKH26

Kit Contains: CellVue® Lavender dye stock (1 vial containing 0.2 ml, 1 X 10-3 M in ethanol), Diluent (6 vials containing 10 ml)
The CellVue® Lavender Fluorescent Cell Linker Kit contains a 1mM dye stock solution and cell labeling diluent. Dye fluorescence properties: Ex max=425nm and Em max=461nm. Provides stable labeling of the lipid regions of cell membranes.
Sold under sublicense from PTI Research, Inc. to MTTI. CellVue® is a trademark of PTI Research, Inc. U.S. For patents, see
link.

The CellVue® Burgundy cell linker kit uses proprietary membrane labeling technology to stably incorporate a fluorescent dye with long aliphatic tails (CellVue® Burgundy) into lipid regions of the cell membrane (1). The pattern of staining is dependent upon the cell type being labeled and the membranes of the cells (2, 3). CellVue® Burgundy, a far red/near infrared fluorescent cell linker has been reported to be useful for cell tracking in isolated organ preparations applications (4).
Label cell membranes with lipophilic dyes that emit in the long wavelength UV, the far red or the near infrared region of the spectrum.
Advantages:

• Reduced autofluorescence background
• Greater S/N
• Greater ability to multiplex with visible probes due to minimal spectral overlap
• Excellent for use in combination with other cell tracking probes such as CFSE or PKH26

Kit Contains: CellVue® Burgundy dye stock (1 vial containing 0.2 ml, 1 x 10-3 in ethanol), Diluent ( 6 x 10 ml vials)

Sold under sublicense from PTI Research, Inc. to MTTI. CellVue® is a trademark of PTI Research, Inc. U.S. For patents, see
link.

The CellVue® Plum cell linker Midi Kit uses proprietary membrane labeling technology to stably incorporate a fluorescent dye with long aliphatic tails (CellVue® Plum) into lipid regions of the cell membrane (1). The pattern of staining is dependent upon the cell type being labeled and the membranes of the cells (2, 3). CellVue® Plum, a far red fluorescent cell linker has been reported to be useful for in vitro cell tracking and in vitro cell proliferation monitoring (4). Label cell membranes with lipophilic dyes that emit in the long wavelength UV, the far red or the near infrared region of the spectrum.Advantages:

Reduced autofluorescence background
Greater S/N
Greater ability to multiplex with visible probes due to minimal spectral overlap
Excellent for use in combination with other cell tracking probes such as CFSE or PKH26

Kit Contains: CellVue® Plum dye stock (1 vial containing 0.2 ml, 1 X 10-3 M in ethanol), Diluent (6 vials containing 10 ml)
The CellVue® Plum Fluorescent Cell Linker Kit contains a 1mM dye stock solution and cell labeling diluent. Dye fluorescence properties: Ex max=652nm and Em max=671nm. Provides stable labeling of the lipid regions of cell membranes.
Sold under sublicense from PTI Research, Inc. to MTTI. CellVue® is a trademark of PTI Research, Inc. U.S. For patents, see
link.

The CellVue^® Maroon cell linker Midi Kit uses proprietary membrane labeling technology to stably incorporate a fluorescent dye with long aliphatic tails (CellVue^® Maroon) into lipid regions of the cell membrane ⁽¹⁾.The pattern of staining is dependent upon the cell type being labeled and the membranes of the cells ^{(2, 3)}. CellVue^® Maroon, a far red fluorescent cell linker has been reported to be useful for in vitro cell tracking, in vitro cell proliferation monitoring ⁽⁴⁾, and cell tracking in isolated organ preparations applications ⁽⁵⁾. Label cell membranes with lipophilic dyes that emit in the long wavelength UV, the far red or the near infrared region of the spectrum.

Advantages:

• Reduced autofluorescence background
• Greater S/N
• Greater ability to multiplex with visible probes due to minimal spectral overlap
• Excellent for use in combination with other cell tracking probes such as CFSE or PKH26

Kit Contains:

• CellVue^® Maroon dye stock (1 vial containing 0.2 ml, 1 X 10^-3 M in ethanol)
• Diluent (6 vials containing 10 ml)

The CellVue^® Maroon Fluorescent Cell Linker Kit contains a 1mM dye stock solution and cell labeling diluent. Dye fluorescence properties: Ex max =647nm and Em max =667nm. Provides stable labeling of the lipid regions of cell membranes.

CellVue® is a registered trademark of PTI Research, Inc. For patents see list.

The CellVue® NIR815 cell linker Mini Kit uses proprietary membrane labeling technology to stably incorporate a fluorescent dye with long aliphatic tails ( CellVue® NIR815) into lipid regions of the cell membrane (1). The pattern of staining is dependent upon the cell type being labeled and the membranes of the cells (2, 3). CellVue® NIR815, a near infrared fluorescent cell linker has been reported to be useful for in vitro cell proliferation studies (4) and cell tracking in isolated organ preparations applications (5). Label cell membranes with lipophilic dyes that emit in the long wavelength UV, the far red or the near infrared region of the spectrum.
Advantages:

Reduced autofluorescence background
Greater S/N
Greater ability to multiplex with visible probes due to minimal spectral overlap
Excellent for use in combination with other cell tracking probes such as CFSE or PKH26

Kit Contains: CellVue® NIR815 dye stock (1 vial containing 0.1 ml, 1 X 10-3 M in ethanol), Diluent (1 vial containing 10 ml)
The CellVue® NIR815 Fluorescent Cell Linker Kit contains a 1mM dye stock solution and cell labeling diluent. Dye fluorescence properties: Ex max=786nm and Em max=814nm. Provides stable labeling of the lipid regions of cell membranes.
Sold under sublicense from PTI Research, Inc. to MTTI. CellVue® is a trademark of PTI Research, Inc.U.S. For patents, see
link.

The CellVue® NIR780 cell linker Mini Kit uses proprietary membrane labeling technology to stably incorporate a fluorescent dye with long aliphatic tails ( CellVue® NIR780) into lipid regions of the cell membrane (1). The pattern of staining is dependent upon the cell type being labeled and the membranes of the cells (2, 3). CellVue® NIR780, a near infrared fluorescent cell linker has been reported to be useful for in vitro cell proliferation monitoring (4). Label cell membranes with lipophilic dyes that emit in the long wavelength UV, the far red or the near infrared region of the spectrum.Advantages:

Reduced autofluorescence background
Greater S/N
Greater ability to multiplex with visible probes due to minimal spectral overlap
Excellent for use in combination with other cell tracking probes such as CFSE or PKH26

Kit Contains: CellVue® NIR780 dye stock (1 vial containing 0.1 ml, 1 X 10-3 M in ethanol), Diluent (1 vial containing 10 ml)
The CellVue® NIR780 Fluorescent Cell Linker Kit contains a 1mM dye stock solution and cell labeling diluent. Dye fluorescence properties: Ex max=743nm and Em max=776nm. Provides stable labeling of the lipid regions of cell membranes.
Sold under sublicense from PTI Research, Inc. to MTTI . NeuroVue® is a trademark of PTI Research, Inc. For patents, see
link.

The CellVue® Claret cell linker Mini Kit uses proprietary membrane labeling technology to stably incorporate a fluorescent dye with long aliphatic tails (CellVue® Claret) into lipid regions of the cell membrane (1).The pattern of staining is dependent upon the cell type being labeled and the membranes of the cells (2, 3). CellVue® Claret, a far red fluorescent cell linker (Figure 1) has been reported to be useful for in vitro cell labeling and in vitro cell proliferation studies (4).Label cell membranes with lipophilic dyes that emit in the long wavelength UV, the far red or the near infrared region of the spectrum.Advantages:

Reduced autofluorescence background
Greater S/N
Greater ability to multiplex with visible probes due to minimal spectral overlap
Excellent for use in combination with other cell tracking probes such as CFSE or PKH26

Kit Contains:

CellVue® Claret dye stock (1 vial containing 0.1 ml, 1 X 10-3 M in ethanol)
Diluent (1 vial containing 10 ml)

The CellVue® Claret Fluorescent Cell Linker Kit contains a 1mM dye stock solution and cell labeling diluent. Dye fluorescence properties: Ex max=655nm and Em max=675nm. Provides stable labeling of the lipid regions of cell membranes.
Sold under sublicense from PTI Research, Inc. to MTTI. CellVue® is a trademark of PTI Research, Inc. For patents, see
link.

The CellVue® Burgundy cell linker kit uses proprietary membrane labeling technology to stably incorporate a fluorescent dye with long aliphatic tails (CellVue® Burgundy) into lipid regions of the cell membrane (1). The pattern of staining is dependent upon the cell type being labeled and the membranes of the cells (2, 3). CellVue® Burgundy, a far red/near infrared fluorescent cell linker has been reported to be useful for cell tracking in isolated organ preparations applications (4).
Label cell membranes with lipophilic dyes that emit in the long wavelength UV, the far red or the near infrared region of the spectrum.
Advantages:

Reduced autofluorescence background
Greater S/N
Greater ability to multiplex with visible probes due to minimal spectral overlap
Excellent for use in combination with other cell tracking probes such as CFSE or PKH26

Kit Contains: CellVue® Burgundy dye stock (1 vial containing 0.1 ml, 1 X 10-3 M in ethanol), Diluent (1 vial containing 10 ml)
The CellVue® Burgundy Fluorescent Cell Linker Kit contains a 1mM dye stock solution and cell labeling diluent. Dye fluorescence properties: Ex max=683nm and Em max=707nm. Provides stable labeling of the lipid regions of cell membranes.
Sold under sublicense from PTI Research, Inc. to MTTI. CellVue® is a trademark of PTI Research, Inc.U.S. For patents, see
link.

The CellVue® Plum cell linker Mini Kit uses proprietary membrane labeling technology to stably incorporate a fluorescent dye with long aliphatic tails (CellVue® Plum) into lipid regions of the cell membrane (1). The pattern of staining is dependent upon the cell type being labeled and the membranes of the cells (2, 3). CellVue® Plum, a far red fluorescent cell linker has been reported to be useful for in vitro cell tracking and in vitro cell proliferation monitoring (4). Label cell membranes with lipophilic dyes that emit in the long wavelength UV, the far red or the near infrared region of the spectrum.Advantages:

Reduced autofluorescence background
Greater S/N
Greater ability to multiplex with visible probes due to minimal spectral overlap
Excellent for use in combination with other cell tracking probes such as CFSE or PKH26

Kit Contains: CellVue® Plum dye stock (1 vial containing 0.1 ml, 1 X 10-3 M in ethanol), Diluent (1 vial containing 10 ml)
The CellVue® Plum Fluorescent Cell Linker Kit contains a 1mM dye stock solution and cell labeling diluent. Dye fluorescence properties: Ex max=652nm and Em max=671nm. Provides stable labeling of the lipid regions of cell membranes.
Sold under sublicense from PTI Research, Inc. to MTTI. CellVue® is a trademark of PTI Research, Inc. U.S. For patents, see
link.

The CellVue® Lavender cell linker Mini Kit uses proprietary membrane labeling technology to stably incorporate a fluorescent dye with long aliphatic tails (CellVue® Lavender) into lipid regions of the cell membrane (1). The pattern of staining is dependent upon the cell type being labeled and the membranes of the cells (2, 3). CellVue® Lavender, a long wavelength UV fluorescent cell linker has been reported to be useful for in vitro cell labeling and in vitro cell proliferation studies (4). Label cell membranes with lipophilic dyes that emit in the long wavelength UV, the far red or the near infrared region of the spectrum.Advantages:

Reduced autofluorescence background
Greater S/N
Greater ability to multiplex with visible probes due to minimal spectral overlap
Excellent for use in combination with other cell tracking probes such as CFSE or PKH26

Kit Contains: CellVue® Lavender dye stock (1 vial containing 0.1 ml, 1 X 10-3 M in ethanol), Diluent (1 vial containing 10 ml)
The CellVue® Lavender Fluorescent Cell Linker Kit contains a 1mM dye stock solution and cell labeling diluent. Dye fluorescence properties: Ex max=425nm and Em max=461nm. Provides stable labeling of the lipid regions of cell membranes.
Sold under sublicense from PTI Research, Inc. to MTTI. CellVue® is a trademark of PTI Research, Inc. For patents, see
link.

The CellVue® Maroon cell linker Mini Kit uses proprietary membrane labeling technology to stably incorporate a fluorescent dye with long aliphatic tails (CellVue® Maroon) into lipid regions of the cell membrane (1). The pattern of staining is dependent upon the cell type being labeled and the membranes of the cells (2, 3). CellVue® Maroon, a far red fluorescent cell linker, has been reported to be useful for in vitro cell tracking, in vitro cell proliferation monitoring (4), and cell tracking in isolated organ preparations applications (5). Label cell membranes with lipophilic dyes that emit in the long wavelength UV, the far red, or the near-infrared region of the spectrum.

ADVANTAGES:

• Reduced autofluorescence background

• Greater S/N
• Greater ability to multiplex with visible probes due to minimal spectral overlap
• Excellent for use in combination with other cell tracking probes such as CFSE or PKH26

Polyene antibiotic fluorochrome for cholesterol determination. Used as an antifungal agent.

Fast blue is a fluorescent dye commonly used as a neuronal tracer and referred to as a hydrophilic retrograde tracer. Fast Blue can be used alone or with other types of fluorescent retrograde and anterograde tracer dyes. Other neuronal tracers such as True Blue, Evans Blue and Nuclear Yellow are commonly used in conjunction with Fast Blue.
Fast Blue is the most commonly used neuronal tracer due to longer luminescence, although its sensitivity depends on the survival time of the animal after the injection. In order to obtain brilliant fluorescent labeling, luminescence usually begins at day three, and strongest at days 5-9 post injection. Euthanasia occurs between 4-7 days post injection in most animals.
These dyes can be injected into laboratory animals at a concentration of 1.5-2.5% w/v in water. Common protocols recommend injecting 5-10 microliters of the 2.0% concentration into the desired area of the laboratory animal.
These protocols are offered as guides. Depending on the situation alternations may be needed due to the laboratory animal or research being done.

Excitation Wavelength: 365nm
Emission Wavelength: 420nm

NeuroVue^® Red Solid can be formulated as desired for applications in which the filter format is not suitable. NeuroVue^® Red Solid is useful for neuronal tract tracing studies of up to 3-4 weeks. Spectrally compatible with eGFP, YFP in many systems, and NeuroVue^® Maroon & Jade. Spectral unmixing required for use with NeuroVue^® Orange.

NeuroVue^® Red Solid is available in solid form for researchers who would like to make their own dye-coated materials for application to tissue (e.g. use for coating glass/metal pins or pieces of hair to provide a more rigid support when smaller injections are required). 1 mg of solid dye.

Advantages:

• Diffusion properties comparable to or better than other commercially available neurotracing dyes
• Can be formulated as desired for application
• More focal results (e.g. labeling of small sets of axons within a pathway)
• Available in multiple colors, including far red, for multi-tract tracing and improved results even in tissues with high myelin expression

Applications:

NeuroVue^® Red has been found to be useful for tracing neuronal connections in animal tissues fixed in formaldehyde (1, 3-6, 8, 10, 12, 13). Like other lipophilic tracers (7, 9), it readily transfers into plasma membranes in fixed and/or live tissues and diffuses laterally within the membrane, eventually labeling the entire cell body as well as the finest axonal and dendritic branches, and allowing visualization of neuronal processes up to several millimeters distant from the point of dye insertion (1, 3-6, 8, 10, 12, 13).

NeuroVue Red fluoresces in the red and exhibits minimal bleed through into filter windows typically used for green fluorescing lipophilic tracers such as NeuroVue Jade and far red fluorescing lipophilic tracers such as NeuroVue Maroon or NeuroVue Burgundy, making it an excellent choice for multi-color neural tracing studies in sections and/or whole mount preparations (1, 3-6, 8, 10, 12, 13). In addition, NeuroVue Red can be used in combination with NeuroVue^® Orange if spectral unmixing techniques are employed.

Publications:

• Diffusion and Imaging Properties of three new lipophilic tracers, NeuroVue^® Maroon, NeuroVue^® Red and NeuroVue^® Green and their use for double and triple labeling of neuronal profile. B Fritzsch et al. Brain Res Bull., 66, 3, 249-258 (2005).
• A disorganized innervation of the inner ear persists in the absence of ErbB2. JK Morris et al. Brain Res.,1091:186-199 (2006).
• Deafferentiation induces novel projections in the auditory brainstem after hearing onset. CY Hsieh and KS Cramer. Journal of Comparative Neurology, 497:589-599 (2006)
• Al-Mehdi AB, Patel M, Haroon A, Reed D, Ohlsson-Wilhelm B, Muirhead K and Gray BD. Increased Depth of Cellular Imaging in the Intact Lung using Far Red and Near Infrared Fluorescent Probes. Int. J. Biomed Imaging. 1-7 (2006).
• Stewart CC, Woodring ML, Podniesinski E and Gray BD. Flow cytometer in the infrared: inexpensive modifications to a commercial instrument. Cytometry, Part A, 67A, #2, 104-111, 2005

NeuroVue is a registered trademark of PTI Research, Inc. For patents see list.

Granular Blue (GB) is a fluorescent retrograde tracer used in experimental studies of the peripheral nervous system to determine the number and origin of neurons projecting to a specific area. The retrograde tracing techniques allow for detailed assessment of neuronal connections from a single population of neurons to their various targets throughout the nervous system. These techniques allow the "mapping" of connections between neurons in a particular structure (e.g. the eye) and the target neurons in the brain.

In rats, GB is effectively transported over long distances to produce blue fluorescent labeling of neuronal cytoplasm in cell bodies and proximal dendrites. It also produces an accumulation of silver-blue granules in cytoplasm.

Excitation: 365 nm
Emission: 410 nm

True Blue (TB) is a fluorescent retrograde tracer used in experimental studies of the peripheral nervous system to determine the number and origin of neurons projecting to a specific area. The retrograde tracing techniques allow for detailed assessment of neuronal connections from a single population of neurons to their various targets throughout the nervous system. These techniques allow the "mapping" of connections between neurons in a particular structure (e.g. the eye) and the target neurons in the brain.

In rats, TB is effectively transported over long distances, from the spinal cord to the cerebral cortex, to produce blue fluorescent labeling of neuronal cell body cytoplasm, nucleolus, proximal dendrites and axons. When combined with Diamidino Yellow (DY), TB is effective in double labeling experiments aimed at demonstrating the existence of divergent axon collaterals.

Excitation: 365 nm
Emission: 405 nm

For tracing neuronal connections in animal tissues fixed in formaldehyde. Dye can be melted or dissolved in solvent and applied to metal/glass pins or pieces of hair which can then be used for application into small injection sites.
1 mg of solid dye can be formulated as desired for application.
(ex max= 478nm and em max=508nm)
NeuroVue is a registered trademark of PTI Research, Inc. For patents see list.

Useful for tract tracing studies of up to 3-4 weeks. Spectrally compatible with eGFP, YFP in many systems, and NeuroVue^® Maroon and Jade. Spectral unmixing required for use with NeuroVue^® Orange. NeuroVue^® Red Plus provides faster and more efficient neuron labeling with higher dye loading than standard NeuroVue^® Red filter square.

1 cm² nylon filter coated with the lipophilic red emitting dye, NeuroVue Red Plus.

Typical dye loading: 18-21 nmoles/mm².

Advantages:

• Convenient, ready-to-use coated filter format
• More precise control of dye insertion point
• No messy oils, pastes or hard-to-position crystals
• Diffusion properties comparable to or better than other commercially available neurotracing dyes
• More focal results (e.g. labeling of small sets of axons within a pathway)
• Available in multiple colors, including far red, for multi-tract tracing and improved results even in tissues with high myelin expression
• NeuroVue^® Red Plus provides bright, clean, crisp neuron labeling with higher dye loading than standard NeuroVue^® Red filter square.

NeuroVue is a registered trademark of PTI Research, Inc. For patents see list.

Useful for tract tracing studies of up to 7 days. Spectrally compatible with most fluorescent genetic tags and NeuroVue^® Red, Orange, Jade. Spectral unmixing required for use with NeuroVue^® Maroon.

1cm² filter coated with lipophilic far red emitting dye, NeuroVue^® Burgundy

(ex max=683nm; em max=707nm).

Advantages:

• Convenient, ready-to-use coated filter format More precise control of dye insertion point
• No messy oils, pastes or hard-to-position crystals
• Diffusion properties comparable to or better than other commercially available neurotracing dyes
• More focal results (e.g. labeling of small sets of axons within a pathway)
• Available in multiple colors, including far red, for multi-tract tracing and improved results even in tissues with high myelin expression

Publications:

• Diffusion and Imaging Properties of three new lipophilic tracers, NeuroVue^® Maroon, NeuroVue^® Red and NeuroVue^® Green and their use for double and triple labeling of neuronal profile. B Fritzsch et al. Brain Res Bull., 66, 3, 249-258 (2005).
• A disorganized innervation of the inner ear persists in the absence of ErbB2. JK Morris et al. Brain Res.,1091:186-199 (2006).
• Deafferentiation induces novel projections in the auditory brainstem after hearing onset. CY Hsieh and KS Cramer. Journal of Comparative Neurology, 497:589-599 (2006)
• Al-Mehdi AB, Patel M, Haroon A, Reed D, Ohlsson-Wilhelm B, Muirhead K and Gray BD. Increased Depth of Cellular Imaging in the Intact Lung using Far Red and Near Infrared Fluorescent Probes. Int. J. Biomed Imaging. 1-7 (2006).
• Stewart CC, Woodring ML, Podniesinski E and Gray BD. Flow cytometer in the infrared: inexpensive modifications to a commercial instrument. Cytometry, Part A, 67A, #2, 104-111, 2005

NeuroVue is a registered trademark of PTI Research, Inc. For patents see list.

Useful for neuronal tract tracing studies of up to five days. Spectrally compatible with NeuroVue^® Maroon, Orange & Red.

1cm² nylon filter coated with the lipophilic green emitting dye, NeuroVue^® Jade.

Typical dye loading: 22-30 nmoles/mm².

Advantages:

• Convenient, ready-to-use coated filter format More precise control of dye insertion point
• No messy oils, pastes or hard-to-position crystals
• Diffusion properties comparable to or better than other commercially available neurotracing dyes
• More focal results (e.g. labeling of small sets of axons within a pathway)
• Available in multiple colors, including far red, for multi-tract tracing and improved results even in tissues with high myelin expression

Sold under sublicense from PTI Research, Inc. to MTTI . NeuroVue^® is a trademark of PTI Research, Inc. For patents, see link.

NeuroVue^® Dye Filter is useful for neuronal tract tracing studies of up to 3-4 weeks. Spectrally compatible with eGFP and YFP in many systems, and NeuroVue^® Maroon, & Jade. Spectral unmixing required for use with NeuroVue^® Red.

1cm² filter coated with the lipophilic reddish orange emitting dye, NeuroVue^® Orange

(ex max=550nm; em max=570nm).

Advantages:

• Convenient, ready-to-use coated filter format
• More precise control of dye insertion point
• No messy oils, pastes or hard-to-position crystals
• Diffusion properties comparable to or better than other commercially available neurotracing dyes
• More focal results (e.g. labeling of small sets of axons within a pathway)
• Available in multiple colors, including far red, for multi-tract tracing and improved results even in tissues with high myelin expression

Recent Publications:

Diffusion and Imaging Properties of three new lipophilic tracers, NeuroVue^® Maroon, NeuroVue^® Red and NeuroVue^® Green and their use for double and triple labeling of neuronal profile. B Fritzsch et al. Brain Res Bull., 66, 3, 249-258 (2005).

A disorganized innervation of the inner ear persists in the absence of ErbB2. JK Morris et al. Brain Res.,1091:186-199 (2006).

Deafferentiation induces novel projections in the auditory brainstem after hearing onset. CY Hsieh and KS Cramer. Journal of Comparative Neurology, 497:589-599 (2006)

Al-Mehdi AB, Patel M, Haroon A, Reed D, Ohlsson-Wilhelm B, Muirhead K and Gray BD. Increased Depth of Cellular Imaging in the Intact Lung using Far Red and Near Infrared Fluorescent Probes. Int. J. Biomed Imaging. 1-7 (2006).

Stewart CC, Woodring ML, Podniesinski E and Gray BD. Flow cytometer in the infrared: inexpensive modifications to a commercial instrument. Cytometry, Part A, 67A, #2, 104-111, 2005

NeuroVue is a registered trademark of PTI Research, Inc. For patents see list.

NeuroVue^® Dye Filter is useful for neuronal tract tracing studies of up to 3-4 weeks. Spectrally compatible with eGFP, YFP in many systems, and NeuroVue^® Maroon & Jade. Spectral unmixing required for use with NeuroVue^® Orange.

1 cm² nylon filter coated with the lipophilic red emitting dye, NeuroVue^® Red.

Typical dye loading: 11-14 nmoles/mm².

Advantages:

• Convenient, ready-to-use coated filter format
• More precise control of dye insertion point
• No messy oils, pastes or hard-to-position crystals
• Diffusion properties comparable to or better than other commercially available neurotracing dyes
• More focal results (e.g. labeling of small sets of axons within a pathway)
• Available in multiple colors, including far red, for multi-tract tracing and improved results even in tissues with high myelin expression

Publications:

Diffusion and Imaging Properties of three new lipophilic tracers, NeuroVue^® Maroon, NeuroVue^® Red and NeuroVue^® Green and their use for double and triple labeling of neuronal profile. B Fritzsch et al. Brain Res Bull., 66, 3, 249-258 (2005)

A disorganized innervation of the inner ear persists in the absence of ErbB2. JK Morris et al. Brain Res.,1091:186-199 (2006)

Deafferentiation induces novel projections in the auditory brainstem after hearing onset. CY Hsieh and KS Cramer. Journal of Comparative Neurology, 497:589-599 (2006)

Al-Mehdi AB, Patel M, Haroon A, Reed D, Ohlsson-Wilhelm B, Muirhead K and Gray BD. Increased Depth of Cellular Imaging in the Intact Lung using Far Red and Near Infrared Fluorescent Probes. Int. J. Biomed Imaging. 1-7 (2006).

Stewart CC, Woodring ML, Podniesinski E and Gray BD. Flow cytometer in the infrared: inexpensive modifications to a commercial instrument. Cytometry, Part A, 67A, #2, 104-111, 2005

Sold under sublicense from PTI Research, Inc. to MTTI. NeuroVue^® is a trademark of PTI Research, Inc. For patents, see link.

NeuroVue^® Dye Filter is useful for neuronal tract tracing studies of up to 3-4 weeks. Spectrally compatible with most fluorescent genetic tags, and NeuroVue^® Red, Orange & Emerald.

1cm² filter coated with the lipophilic far red emitting dye, NeuroVue^®

Maroon (ex max=647nm; em max=667nm).

Advantages:

• Convenient, ready-to-use coated filter format More precise control of dye insertion point
• No messy oils, pastes or hard-to-position crystals
• Diffusion properties comparable to or better than other commercially available neurotracing dyes
• More focal results (e.g. labeling of small sets of axons within a pathway)'
• Available in multiple colors, including far red, for multi-tract tracing and improved results even in tissues with high myelin expression

Publications:

Diffusion and Imaging Properties of three new lipophilic tracers, NeuroVue^® Maroon, NeuroVue^® Red and NeuroVue^® Green and their use for double and triple labeling of neuronal profile. B Fritzsch et al. Brain Res Bull., 66, 3, 249-258 (2005).

A disorganized innervation of the inner ear persists in the absence of ErbB2. JK Morris et al. Brain Res.,1091:186-199 (2006).

Deafferentiation induces novel projections in the auditory brainstem after hearing onset. CY Hsieh and KS Cramer. Journal of Comparative Neurology, 497:589-599 (2006)

Al-Mehdi AB, Patel M, Haroon A, Reed D, Ohlsson-Wilhelm B, Muirhead K and Gray BD. Increased Depth of Cellular Imaging in the Intact Lung using Far Red and Near Infrared Fluorescent Probes. Int. J. Biomed Imaging. 1-7 (2006).

Stewart CC, Woodring ML, Podniesinski E and Gray BD. Flow cytometer in the infrared: inexpensive modifications to a commercial instrument. Cytometry, Part A, 67A, #2, 104-111, 2005

NeuroVue is a registered trademark of PTI Research, Inc. For patents see list.

Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) labeled Dextrans are valuable materials for studying permeability and microcirculation in vivo. These are used to trace neuronal projections and active transport in live and unfixed tissue and as neuronal tracers in a variety of species.