Pam3CSK4 (Pam3CysSerLys4) is a lipopeptide and an activator of proinflammatory transcription factor NF-?B. It is a kind of TLR agonist and ligand of TLR2/TLR1.
Squalene is an organic compound used as a component of some adjuvant formulations. Squalene-based emulsions have been shown to induce a strong innate immune response.